Smart Energy Meter Using IoT - Project Guide
1. Introduction
The Smart Energy Meter using IoT is a project designed to monitor and manage energy usage in real-time through internet-connected systems. It helps both consumers and providers track electricity consumption, generate alerts, and perform remote operations like disconnection or billing based on usage.
2. Objectives
- To measure electricity usage in real-time
- To transmit data to a cloud platform for analysis
- To notify users of energy usage via web or mobile platforms
- To enable remote control such as ON/OFF load control
3. Required Components
- ESP32/NodeMCU Microcontroller
- Current Sensor (e.g., ACS712)
- Voltage Sensor
- Wi-Fi Module (integrated in ESP32/NodeMCU)
- LCD Display
- Relay Module
- Resistors, Capacitors, Breadboard, Connecting Wires
- Cloud Platform (ThingSpeak, Firebase, etc.)
4. System Architecture
The current and voltage sensors detect the power consumption and send the analog signals to the ESP32. The ESP32 processes the data and sends it to the cloud. Users can view the usage on a web dashboard or mobile app. Relays can be used to control load remotely.
5. Working Principle
The sensors continuously monitor the current and voltage in the circuit. These values are used to calculate power consumption (P = V x I). The microcontroller uploads this data periodically to the cloud, which users can access in real-time. Based on user input or threshold conditions, relays can be activated to turn off the load.
6. Software Requirements
- Arduino IDE
- IoT Platform (ThingSpeak, Blynk, or Firebase)
- Web/Mobile Interface (optional)
7. Advantages
- Real-time monitoring of energy consumption
- Reduced manual labor and errors
- Helps in load management and energy conservation
- Remote monitoring and control
8. Applications
- Smart Homes
- Industrial Energy Management
- Utility Companies
- Commercial Buildings
9. Future Scope
- Integration with AI to predict consumption
- Dynamic pricing based on usage patterns
- Integration with renewable energy sources