IoT-Based Electrical Equipment Maintenance System - Engineering Guide
1. Introduction
This project involves the design and implementation of an IoT-based system for monitoring and maintaining electrical equipment. The system utilizes sensors to collect real-time data on the status and performance of electrical devices and sends alerts for scheduled maintenance or faults, thus enhancing equipment lifespan and reducing downtime.
2. Objectives
- Develop a smart maintenance system using IoT.
- Monitor electrical parameters in real-time.
- Automate fault detection and maintenance alerts.
- Enable remote access and control through a web or mobile interface.
3. Components Required
- Microcontroller (e.g., ESP32 or Arduino Uno with Wi-Fi
module)
- Voltage and Current sensors (e.g., ACS712, ZMPT101B)
- Temperature sensor (e.g., DHT11)
- Wi-Fi Module (NodeMCU/ESP8266 if not using ESP32)
- Cloud platform (ThingSpeak, Blynk, or Firebase)
- Relay Module
- Buzzer/LED for alerts
- Power Supply
- Resistors, Breadboard, Wires
4. System Design
The system comprises sensors interfaced with the microcontroller to monitor temperature, voltage, and current. The microcontroller transmits data to a cloud server via Wi-Fi. Thresholds are set for each parameter, and alerts are triggered if readings exceed limits. The user can access data remotely and receive maintenance reminders.
5. Circuit Diagram Description
Connect the sensors to the microcontroller as follows:
- Current sensor (ACS712) to analog input A0
- Voltage sensor (ZMPT101B) to analog input A1
- DHT11 to digital pin D2
- Relay control pin to D4
Ensure all components share a common ground.
6. Software Implementation
The code for the microcontroller includes:
- Reading sensor values
- Comparing against set thresholds
- Sending data to the cloud platform
- Triggering buzzer or relay if necessary
Use Arduino IDE for development, and include libraries such as WiFi.h, DHT.h,
and HTTPClient.h for network communication and sensor handling.
7. Cloud Integration
Integrate with platforms like Blynk or ThingSpeak to visualize sensor data and receive notifications. Create dashboards to show voltage, current, temperature, and maintenance alerts.
8. Applications
- Industrial equipment maintenance
- Smart buildings and homes
- Renewable energy systems
- Utility substations
9. Conclusion
The IoT-based electrical equipment maintenance system provides a cost-effective and efficient solution for real-time monitoring, proactive maintenance, and remote access. It enhances reliability and performance while reducing operational costs.